Monday, August 29, 2011

A Cat Which Is Out Of The Bag, Part 1 -- Certain Inalienable Rights

Since I posted the following (which I collected last year) on the Facebook page for the Online Library of Liberty, I'd might as well post them here.  They are on the topic of the rights to Life, Liberty, and Property:


Declaration of Rights and Grievances, 1774. 1. That they are entitled to life, liberty, and property, and they have never ceded to any sovereign power whatever, a right to dispose of either without their consent.

Virginia Declaration of Rights, 1776. I. That all men are by nature equally free and independent, and have certain inherent rights, of which, when they enter into a state of society, they cannot, by any compact, deprive or divest their posterity; namely, the enjoyment of life and liberty, with the means of acquiring and possessing property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety.

The Declaration of Independence, 1776. That all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness...

Delaware declaration of rights, 1776. Sect. 10. That every member of society hath a right to be protected in the enjoyment of life, liberty and property...

Delaware Declaration of Rights, 1792. Though divine goodness all men have, by nature, the rights of worshipping and serving their Creator according to the dictates of their consciences, of enjoying and defending life and liberty, of acquiring and protecting reputation and property, and, in general, of attaining objects suitable to their condition, without injury by one to another; and as these rights are essential to their welfare, for the due exercise thereof, power is inherent in them; ...

Pennsylvania, 1776. I. That all men are born equally free and independent, and have certain natural, inherent and inalienable rights, amongst which are, the enjoying and defending life and liberty, acquiring, possessing and protecting property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety.

Pennsylvania, 1776. VIII. That every member of society hath a right to be protected in the enjoyment of life, liberty and property...

Pennsylvania, 1790. Article IX. Of the equality and rights of men. Section I. That all men are born equally free and independent, and have certain inherent and indefeasible rights, among which are those of enjoying and defending life and liberty, of acquiring, possessing, and protecting property and reputation, and of pursuing their own happiness.

Pennsylvania, 1838. Article IX. Rights of life liberty property &c. Section I. All men are born equally free and independent, and have certain inherent and indefeasible rights, among which are those of enjoying and defending life and liberty, of acquiring, possessing and protecting property and reputation, and of pursuing their own happiness.

New Jersey, 1844. 1. All men are by nature free and independent, and have certain natural and unalienable rights, among which are those of enjoying and defending life and liberty, acquiring, possessing, and protecting property, and of pursuing and obtaining safety and happiness.

Massachusetts, 1780. Preamble. The end of the institution, maintenance and administration of government is to secure the existence of the body-politic, to protect it, and to furnish the individuals who compose it, with the power of enjoying, in safety and tranquility, their natural rights, and the blessings of life: and whenever these great objects are not obtained, the people have a right to alter the government, and to take measures necessary for their safety, prosperity and happiness....

Massachusetts, 1780. Article I. All men are born free and equal, and have certain natural, essential, and unalienable rights; among which may be reckoned the right of enjoying and defending their lives and liberties; that of acquiring, possessing, and protecting property; in fine, that of seeking and obtaining their safety and happiness.

Massachusetts, 1780. Art. X. Every individual of the society has a right to be protected by it in the enjoyment of his life, liberty, and property, according to standing laws.

New Hampshire, 1783. I. All men are born equally free and independent ... All men have certain natural, essential, and inherent rights, among which are the enjoying and defending life and liberty, acquiring, possessing, and protecting property, and, in a word, of seeking and obtaining happiness.

New Hampshire, 1783. XII. Every member of the community has a right to be protected by it in the enjoyment of his life, liberty, and property...

Virginia, 1776. SECTION 1. That all men are by nature equally free and independent, and have certain inherent rights, of which, when they enter into a state of society, they cannot, by any compact, deprive or divest their posterity, namely, the enjoyment of life and liberty, with the means of acquiring and possessing property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety.

New York, 1683. For The better Establishing the Government of this province of New Yorke and that Justice and Right may be Equally done to all persons within the same....

Vermont, 1777. I. That all men are born equally free and independent, and have certain natural, inherent, and unalienable rights, amongst which are the enjoying and defending life and liberty; acquiring, possessing, and protecting property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety.

Vermont, 1777. IX. That every member of society hath a right to be protected in the enjoyment of life, liberty and property...

Vermont, 1786. I. THAT all men are born equally free and independent, and have certain natural, inherent and unalienable rights; amongst which are, the enjoying and defending life and liberty-acquiring, possessing and protecting property-and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety.

Vermont, 1786. X. That every member of society hath a right to be protected in the enjoyment of life, liberty and property...

Vermont, 1793. Article I. That all men are born equally free and independent, and have certain natural, inherent, and unalienable rights, amongst which are the enjoying and defending life and liberty, acquiring, possessing, and protecting property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety:

Vermont, 1793. Article IX. That every member of society hath a right to be protected in the enjoyment of life, liberty, and property...

Ohio, 1803. Article VIII. section 1. That all men are born equally free and independent, and have certain natural, inherent and unalienable rights; amongst which are the enjoying and defending life and liberty, acquiring, possessing and protecting property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety...

Indiana, 1816. Article I. Sect. 1st. That the general, great and essential principles of liberty and free Government may be recognized and unalterably established; WE declare, That all men are born equally free and independent, and have certain natural, inherent, and unalienable rights; among which are the enjoying and defending life and liberty, and of acquiring, possessing, and protecting property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety.

Illinois, 1818. Article VIII. That the general, great, and essential principles of liberty and free government may be recognized and unalterably established, WE DECLARE: Sec. 1. That all men are born equally free and independent, and have certain inherent and indefeasible rights; among which are those of enjoying and defending life and liberty, and of acquiring, possessing and protecting property and reputation, and of pursuing their own happiness.

Maine, 1820. Article I. Section 1. All men are born equally free and independent, and have certain natural, inherent and unalienable rights, among which are those of enjoying and defending life and liberty, acquiring, possessing and protecting property, and of pursuing and obtaining safety and happiness.

New York Ratification, proposed amendments, 1788. That the enjoyment of Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness are essential rights which every Government ought to respect and preserve.

North Carolina Ratification, Declaration of Rights, 1789. 1st. That there are certain natural rights of which men, when they form a social compact, cannot deprive or divest their posterity, among which are the enjoyment of life, and liberty, with the means of acquiring, possessing, and protecting property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety.

Rhode Island and Providence Plantations Ratification, declaration of rights, 1790. In That there are certain natural rights, of which men when they form a social compact, cannot deprive or divest their posterity, among which are the enjoyment of Life and Liberty, with the means of acquiring, possessing and protecting Property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety.

Virginia Ratification, commentary and proposal, 1788. First, That there are certain natural rights of which men, when they form a social compact cannot deprive or divest their posterity, among which are the enjoyment of life and liberty, with the means of acquiring, possessing and protecting property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety.

James Madison, in the House of Representatives, the First Congress, June 8, 1789. First. That there be prefixed to the constitution a declaration—That all power is originally instituted, and ought to be exercised for the benefit of the people; which consists in the enjoyment of life and liberty, with the right of acquiring and offering property, and generally of pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety.

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